Machines



2 v. R E M E. E. Am

EoLDEE EOE TESTING MACHINES.

Patentedlkt. 21.., 1884.

kw .Mrt ws Vs N. PETERS. Fhmumognpna. wnhingcm n.C.

2 'Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

l A.H. BMBBY.

HOLDER EUR TESTING MACHINES.,

Patented Oct l lim/mlm? l E N. PETERS. Phalwlhhogmphsr, Wnshmgan. 0,0.

bUNrTan STaTss Animar H. minar, or srAMronn,

CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOE TO THE EMERY SCALE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HOLDER FCR TESTING-MACHINES.

SPECIFECATOBT forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,730, dated October2l, 1884.

Application filed February 7. IERI.

Be it known that l, ALBERT HAMILTON EM hier, a citizen of the UnitedStates, formerly ot' New York, now residing at Stamford, in the countyof Fairfield and State vof Connecticut, have invented certain new anduseful I mprove ments in Holders for Testing- Machines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The subject of my invention is a holder for testing-machines constructedwith a set of holding-Wedges working within converging seats in a sleeveor casing and forced forward simultaneously by a hydraulic ram acting ona plunger. The wedges are provided at their heels with plates or lugs tocompel their simultaneous movement by the engagement of the plate or lugwhich projects from one wedge beneath the heel of the other. Theconverging seats are preferably formed in a bushing secured within thesleeve or casing of the holder and Y reversible, so that the holder maybe adapted for strains of either tension or conipression, whilethewedges are caused to tightly grip the specimen by the force of thestrain applied thereto, whether in tension or conlpression, ashereinafter described. A spring is employed to retract the plunger whenreleased by the pump of the hydraulic rain.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a longitudinal section of aholder illustrating parts of the invention. Fig. II is a longitudinalsection of a holder illustrating other parts of the invention. Fig. IHis an end view of the holder shown in section in Fig. 1I. Fig. IY is aside view ofthe paired wedges with bushings adapting them to grip aspecimen of cylindrical section. Fig. V is an end view ot' the same.Fig. Vl isa side view ofthe paired wedges with bushings adapting them togrip a square specimen. Fig. VII is an end view of the same.

l l represent ya pair of holding-wedges have ing cylindrical backs, and2 a sleeve having cylindrical seats with converging axes within whichsaid wedges work. Each of t-he wedges is adapted to be engaged by a lugor plate, 4, at the heel thereof, so as to compel their si1nultaneousmovement within the sleeve. These plates may be variously constructedand applied. For example, there may be a lug pro- (o model.)

each wedge and engaging behind the heel of l the other, as representedin Figs. I, Il, and III, or they may be held by a single plate, asrepresented in Figs. VI and VII. In this case the plate is fastenedsecurely to the heel of one wedge, and provided at its other end withslots for the reception of the shanks of screws which are driven intothe end ofthe opposite wedge. The heads of the screws abutting againstthe plate prevent the independent longitudinal movement of either wedge,while the slots permit their free movement to and from each other.

5 represents a reversible bushing secured within the sleeve 2, andformed with the cylindrieal seats for the wedges, which, by reason oftheir cylindrical backs, are enabled to turn freely on their axes, andthereby adjust themselves automatically to a specimen and grip the samewith uniform pressure. The thread by which the bushing is screwed intothe sleeve projects Vfrom the surface, as shown in Fig. Il, so that thesaid bushing,with the wedges, may be readily reversed in position inorder to adapt the holder for gripping a specimenunder either. tensionor compression, as may beV required. The annular recesses between theforward end ofthe bushing and the surrounding sleeve is filled by aring, 6, enabling the sleeve to aiford a solid support or bearing forthe wedges to resist and sustain the radial pressure which they exertwhen strains are applied. Th e shank of the holder is shown at 7screw-threaded to adapt it to be fastened to the draw-head, piston-rod,or other part of the testing machine. The said shank may be screwed intothe sleeve 2, as illustrated in Fi 0' or formed in one therewith, asshown in Fig. Il.

8 represents a spring for forcing the wedges out, so as to apply initialpressure to the specimen, as I have described in my application abovereferred to. Said spring constitutes no part ot'iny present invention,but is adapted t'or use in eonneetion with other parts thereof, asillustrated in Fig. II. It operates on a, rain7 2t), confined by aguide-ring, f).

l0 represents inner bushings interposed l3etween the hol ding-Wedges land a speeiinenJ f5, and adapted bytheir shape and dimensions to conformto the size of the specimen to be tested. rlhe said inner bushings areprovided with shoulders ll, engaging in recesses l2 near the heels ol.'the wedges, so as to hold t hein securely underlongitudinalstrain.Handles are shown at 16 for Carrying the holder and sei-owing it intothe head ol` the testing-machine or other part to which it is to beapplied.

17 represents an anvil ot' lnirdened steel l'or reeeiving the impart o'reeoil on the lneal-:ing o' a siieeimen.

l'n my present invention l employ. t'or the purpose ol' forcing thewedges ont and applving initial pressure to speeimens. a hydraulic rain,20,\v-hieli may be zietiiated by the pun1pplunger 21 and orank-serew 22,or other suitable means, the water being i'oreed beneath the rain20,\vhieh nets upon the wedges Land when released by the retraction ot"the sei-ew 22 is l -t'oreed back by a spring, 253,` confined by a,

cap, 2l.

Instead ot" `working the ram by direct eonneetionwith a pump7 it may heconnected with an accumulator actuated by gravity or stemn; or the rainmaybe Connected directly with the liquid in the straiuingpress, so thatthe pressure on the rain will (correspond with the strain on thespecimen. rlhe details of these eonneetions are reserved for otherapplications.

Having thus described my invention, the l'ollowing is what I claim asnen' therein and desire to seenre h v lietters Patent:

l. 'lhe combination7 with the grippingwedges, ot' a h'xfdranlie ram topress the said wedges forward and cause them to grip the specimenhel'ore or during the application ot' Wedges7 a plate tixed to andprojecting t'roi'n u one or eaeh ot' said wedges and engztging behind.the heel ot' the other7 so as to eompel them to more in nnison. I

et. rlhe combination,\vitli the sleeve or ease and the sliding wedges,of a bushing serewed into the sind sleeve and eontainingg seats t'or thesliding wetflges.

5. The eombination, with theholding-wedges and the sleeve containing thesame, ol" the eonverging bushing constructed so as to be re versible,toadapt the holder for use for strainsl ol either tension or compression.

rllhe eombinatio11,\vitl1 the sleeve and rerersible bushing, ot' a bandlilling the annular space between the .sleeve and the forward end ol'the bushing7 to adapt the sleeve to atl'ord a sol id support against theradial pressure ot" the wedges, as explained.

T. The combination ot' the grippingavedges,

hydraulic rain, and retraeti11g-spring,snbstan 7o tially as and for thepurposes set t'orth.

-ililll' l'l ll. llMlflll'Y.

\\"itnesses:

Oo'riivins time nir, lliinnr 1C. Kivu.; 11'1.

